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The Old Roman Catholic Church in North America: Origins and Development The Old Roman Catholic Church, a non-Papal, Catholic ecclesial body, descends from the Ancient Catholic Church of the Netherlands (The Catholic Old Diocese of Utrecht) and traces its Apostolic Succession from the See of Utrecht. The Low Countries received Christianity in the 7th Century through the endeavors of the English missionary, St. Willibrord and his companions. Because of the labors of these early missionaries and those of St. Boniface, Apostle of Utrecht, Catholicism grew and flourished in the Low Countries. ---------- Apostolic Succession of The Old Roman Catholic Church in North America The Apostolic Succession of the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America emanates from the Roman Catholic Church through the Ancient Catholic Church of the Netherlands which, in Europe, is known as the Catholic Old Diocese of Utrecht by virtue of papal grants given by Blessed Pope Eugene III in 1145 AD and Pope Leo X in 1520 AD. Antonio Cardinal Barberini, Archbishop of Rheims, in 1667 consecrated: Charles Maurice Le Tellier, as his Coadjutor who, in 1670, upon mandate of Pope Clement X, consecrated: Jacques-Benigne Bossuet as Bishop of Meaux who, in 1693, consecrated Jacques Goydon de Matignon as Bishop of Condom who, on February 12, 1719,upon mandate of Pope Clement XI, consecrated: Dominique Marie Varlet as Bishop of Ascalon (in partibus) who, on October 17, 1739, consecrated: Peter John Meindaerts in Utrecht, Holland who had been elected to the vacant See of Utrecht, and who, on July 11, 1745, consecrated: Johannes van Stiphout as Bishop of Haarlem who, on February 7, 1768, consecrated: Walter van Nieuwenhuisen as Archbishop of Utrecht who, on June 21, 1778, consecrated: Adrianus Johannes Broekman as Bishop of Haarlem who, on July 5, 1797, consecrated: Johannes Jacobus van Rhijn as Archbishop of Utrecht who, on November 7, 1805, consecrated: Gisbertus de Jong as Bishop of Deventer who, on April 24, 1814, consecrated: Willibrord van Os as Archbishop of Utrecht who, on April 22, 1819, consecrated: Johannes Bon as Bishop of Haarlem who, on June 14, 1825, consecrated: Johannes van Santen as Archbishop of Utrecht who, on July 17, 1854, consecrated: Hermannus Heykamp as Bishop of Deventer who, on August 11, 1873, consecrated: Gaspardus Johannes Rinkel as Bishop of Haarlem, who, on May 11, 1892, consecrated: Gerardus Gul as Archbishop of Utrecht who, on April 28,1908 consecrated: Arnold Harris Mathew as Regionary Bishop for England who, on June 29, 1913, consecrated: HRH Prince Rudolph Edouard de Landes Berghes as Regionary Bishop for Scotland who, on October 4, 1916, consecrated: Carmel Henry Carfora as Archbishop of Canada who, on April 16, 1941, consecrated: Richard Arthur Marchenna as Suffragan Bishop of Newark who, on October 9, 1961,consecrated: Robert Alfred Burns as his Vicar General and Suffragan Bishop of Chicago-Westville who, on October 6, 1973, consecrated: i Andrew Gordon Johnston-Cantrell as Bishop-Coadjutor for the North American Province of the English Rite, Old Roman Catholic Church who, on November 30, 1974, consecrated: ii Francis Peter Facione as Titular Bishop of Devon and Bishop-Coadjutor for the North American Province of the English Rite who, on April 12, 1975 consecrated Joseph Patrick Napurano as Titular Bishop of Port Royal and also, on February 4, 1989, consecrated Raphael John Adams as Titular Bishop of Selsey and Bishop Suffragan of Michigan and the Central States and also, on June 5, 1993, consecrated Patrick Herbert King, as Second Bishop of the Western Regionary Diocese of the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America. iii I On May II, 1963, Bishop Robert Alfred Bums entered into union with the English Rite Old Roman Catholic Church in Great Britain which union created the North American Province of the English Rite with Bishop Bums as Archbishop-Metropolitan. He held this post until his retirement on April 20, 1974.He was succeeded by Andrew G. Johnston-Cantrell ii Bishop Johnston-Cantrell resigned on January 5, 1975 and was succeeded by his Coadjutor, Bishop Francis P. Facione. iii On April 12, 1975, the Synod of the North American Province of the English Rite confirmed Bishop Facione's succession, electing him Titular Archbishop of Devon and also First Bishop of the Diocese of Michigan and the Central States, The Old Roman Catholic Church in North America. The Synod also changed the legal title of the Church to the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America-Ultrajectine Tradition and severed its relationship with the English Rite, Old Roman Catholic Church in Great Britain. In the year 1145, at the request of the Holy Roman Emperor, Conrad III, Blessed Pope Eugene III granted the See of Utrecht the right of election of its own bishops. The Fourth Council of the Lateran confirmed this grant in 1215. In 1520, Pope Leo X in the Bull, Debitum Pastoralis, granted to the See of Utrecht and its 57th Bishop, Phillip of Burgundy, the right of adjudication of its own affairs without reference to the tribunals of the Holy See. The Theological Faculties of Paris and the Louvain, in 1717, verified this privilege, known as the Leonine Privilege. Both of these grants have been exercised by the See of Utrecht from the time of their promulgation and were of extreme importance during the period of the Counter Reformation when the ultramontane party questioned the rights of the See of Utrecht. In spite of the attempts of the Counter Reformers during that difficult period to suppress it, the See of Utrecht elected successive prelates who were consecrated by Bishop Dominique Marie Varlet, Bishop of Babylon-in partibus who was then resident in Utrecht. The difficulties resulting from the activities of the Counter Reformers caused the Ancient Catholic Church of the Netherlands to become an autonomous part of the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church. In response to requests from English Catholics for a non-Papal Catholic presence in the United Kingdom, Archbishop Gerardus Gul of Utrecht consecrated the Most Reverend Arnold Harris Mathew, a retired Roman Catholic priest, as Regionary Bishop for England, on April 28, 1908. Bishop Mathew's charge from the Church of Utrecht and its sister ecclesial bodies of the Utrecht Union of Churches met with mixed results. The English mission remained part of the Utrecht Union until December 1910 when Bishop Mathew declared the autonomy of the English mission due to theological and praxis differences with the continental churches of the Union. In 1913, Bishop Mathew consecrated HRH Rudolph Francis Edward Hamilton de Lorraine-Brabant, the Prince de Landes Berghes to the episcopacy. The Prince Bishop established the ministry of the Old Roman Catholic Church in the United States in 1914 when he migrated to North America in order to avoid the difficulties of World War 1. Bishop de Landes Berghes consecrated to the episcopacy, Fr. Carmel Henry Carfora, an Italian Franciscan Friar in 1916. Bishop Carfora was elected to succeed Bishop de Landes Berghes as Archbishop of the Old Roman Catholic Diocese of America and is responsible for organization of the North American Old Roman Catholic Church. Shortly after Archbishop Carfora's death in 1958, the North American Old Roman Catholic Church evolved into five autonomous, but cooperating ecclesial bodies, one of which is the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America. As the ecclesiastical descendants of the Catholic Old Diocese of Utrecht, the ecclesial bodies which constitute the Old Roman Catholic Church retain and exercise the papal grants given that See by Pope Eugene III and Pope Leo X. The jurisdiction of the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America extends to three dioceses: The Diocese of Michigan and the Central States, The Diocese of Guadeloupe (The French West Indies), and the Western Regionary Diocese, each with its own Bishop Ordinary. The Synod of the Midwestern Province of the Old Roman Catholic Church (English Rite) created the Diocese of Michigan and the Central States in 1975 from the territory formerly administered by Archbishop Robert Alfred Burns. With the death of Archbishop Burns in November 1974, the Provincial Synod confirmed the succession of The Most Reverend Andrew G. Johnston-Cantrell and elected The Most Reverend Francis P. Facione, Ph.D. as Titular Bishop of Devon and Coadjutor to Johnston-Cantrell who consecrated Bishop Facione on St. Andrew's Day in 1974. Archbishop Johnston-Cantrell resigned his office on January 5, 1975 whereupon Bishop Facione succeeded as Presiding Bishop. The Provincial Synod, during its meeting on April 19, 1975, confirmed Bishop Facione's succession and elected him Titular Archbishop of Devon as well as first Bishop of Michigan and the Central States. In order to effect more perfect unity within the Old Roman Catholic Church, the Western Regionary Diocese, created by mandate of Archbishop Carfora in 1945 as an autonomous diocese, entered into union with the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America in 1989. The Western Regionary Diocese was under the administration of Archbishop Frederick L. Pyman, S.O.A.R. As a further sign of visible unity, the Synod of the Western Regionary Diocese elected the Right Reverend Donald R. Currie, a priest of the Diocese of Michigan and the Central States, bishop-elect. He was to succeed upon Archbishop Pyman's planned retirement. Tragically, Bishop-elect Currie died June 21, 1990, prior to the date of his consecration. Archbishop Pyman died on January 23, 1993. The Synod of the Western Regionary Diocese elected The Most Reverend Patrick H. King, second Bishop of the Diocese. He was consecrated to the episcopacy and installed on June 5, 1993. In order to promote further visible unity of the Old Roman Catholic Church, the Diocese of Guadeloupe, French West Indies, affiliated with the Old Roman Catholic Church in North America on January 21, 1998. Created a diocese on September 29, 1994, The Diocese of Guadeloupe is under the administration of The Most Reverend William Francis Luke Amadeo Iezzi who had been appointed Missionary for the West Indies in 1981 by Archbishop Edgar Ramon Verostek and the Good Samaritan Franciscans of New Jersey. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Succession of Popes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Succession of Popes: Peter d. 64 or 67 Linus 67-76 Anacletus I 76-88 Clement I 88-97 Evaristus 97-105 Alexander I 105-15 Sixtus I 115-25 Telesphorus 125-36 Hyginus 136-40 Pius I 140-55 Anicetus 155-66 Soter 166-75 Eleuterus 175-89 Victor I 189-99 Zephyrinus 199-217 Callistus I 217-22 Urban I 222-30 Pontain 230-35 Anterus 235-36 Fabian 236-50 Cornelius 251-53 Lucius I 253-54 Stephen I 254-57 Sixtus II 257-58 Dionysius 260-68 Felix I 269-74 Eutychian 275-83 Caius 283-96 Marcellinus 296-304 Marcellus I 308-09 Eusebius 309-10 Miltiades 311-14 Sylvester I 314-35 Marcus 335-36 Julius I 337-52 Liberius 352-66 Damasus I 366-83 Siricius 384-99 Anastasius I 399-401 Innocent I 401-17 Zosimus 417-18 Boniface I 418-22 Celestine I 422-32 Sixtus III 432-40 Leo I 440-61 Hilarius 461-68 Simplicius 468-83 Felix III 483-92 Gelasius I 492-96 Anastasius II 496-98 Symmachus 498-514 Hormisdas 514-23 John I 523-26 Felix IV 526-30 Boniface II 530-32 John II 533-35 Agapetus I 535-36 Silverius 536-37 Vigilius 537-55 Pelagius I 556-61 John III 561-74 Benedict I 575-79 Pelagius II 579-90 Gregory I 590-604 Sabinian 604-606 Boniface III 607 Boniface IV 608-15 Deusdedit 615-18 Boniface V 619-25 Honorius I 625-38 Severinus 640 John IV 640-42 Theodore I 642-49 Martin I 649-55 Eugene I 655-57 Vitalian 657-72 Adeodatus 672-76 Donus 676-78 Agatho 678-81 Leo II 681-83 Benedict II 684-85 John V 685-86 Conon 686-87 Sergius I 687-701 John VI 701-05 John VII 705-07 Sisinnius 708 Constantine 708-15 Gregory II 715-31 Gregory III 731-41 Zacharias 741-52 Stephen II 752-57 Paul I 757-67 Stephen III 767-72 Adrian I 772-95 Leo III 795-816 Stephen IV 816-17 Paschal I 817-24 Eugene II 824-27 Valentine 827 Gregory IV 827-44 Sergius II 844-47 Leo IV 847-55 Benedict III 855-58 Nicholas I 858-67 Adrian II 867-72 John VIII 872-82 Marinus I 882-84 Adrian III 884-85 Stephen V 885-91 Formosus 891-96 Boniface VI 896 Stephen VI 896-97 Romanus 897 Theodore II 897 John IX 898-900 Benedict IV 900-03 Leo V 903 Chistopher 903-04 Sergius III 904-11 Anastasius III 911-13 Lando 913-14 John X 914-28 Leo VI 928-29 Stephen VII 929-31 John XI 931-35 Leo VII 936-39 Stephen IX (VIII) 939-42 Marinus II 942-46 Agapetus II 946-55 John XII 955-63 Leo VIII 963-64 Benedict V 964 John XIII 965-72 Benedict VI 973-74 Benedict VII 974-83 John XIV 983-84 Boniface VII 984-85 John XV 985-96 Gregory V 996-99 Sylvester II 999-1003 John XVII 1003 John XVIII 1003-09 Sergius IV 1009-12 Benedict VIII 1012-24 John XIX 1024-33 Benedict IX 1033-45 Sylvester III 1045 Gregory VI 1045-46 Clement II 1046-47 Damasus II 1048 Leo IX 1049-54 Victor II 1055-57 Stephen IX 1057-58 Benedidct X 1058 Nicholas II 1058-61 Alexander II 1061-73 Gregory VII 1073-85 Victor III 1086-87 Urban II 1088-99 Paschal II 1099-1118 Gelasius II 1118-19 Callistus II 1119-24 Honorius II 1124-30 Innocent II 1130-43 Celestine II 1143-44 Lucius II 1144-45 Eugene III 1145-53 Anastasius IV 1153-54 Adrian IV 1154-59 Alexander III 1159-81 Lucius III 1181-85 Urban III 1185-87 Gregory VIII 1187 Clement III 1187-91 Celestine III 1191-98 Innocent III 1198-1216 Honorius III 1216-27 Gregory IX 1227-41 Celestine IV 1241 Innocent IV 1243-54 Alexander IV 1254-61 Urban IV 1261-64 Clement IV 1265-68 Gregory X 1271-76 Innocent V 1276 Adrian V 1276 John XXI 1276-77 Nicholas III 1277-80 Martin IV 1281-85 Honorius IV 1285-87 Nicholas IV 1288-92 Celestine V 1294 Boniface VIII 1294-1303 Benedict XI 1303-04 Clement V 1305-14 John XXII 1316-34 Benedict XII 1334-42 Clement VI 1342-52 Innocent VI 1352-62 Urban V 1362-70 Gregory XI 1370-78 Urban VI 1378-89 Boniface IX 1389-1404 Innocent VII 1406-06 Gregory XII 1406-15 Martin V 1417-31 Eugene IV 1431-47 Nicholas V 1447-55 Callistus III 1445-58 Pius II 1458-64 Paul II 1464-71 Sixtus IV 1471-84 Innocent VIII 1484-92 Alexander VI 1492-1503 Pius III 1503 Julius II 1503-13 Leo X 1513-21 Adrian VI 1522-23 Clement VII 1523-34 Paul III 1534-49 Julius III 1550-55 Marcellus II 1555 Paul IV 1555-59 Pius IV 1559-65 Pius V 1566-72 Gregory XIII 1572-85 Sixtus V 1585-90 Urban VII 1590 Gregory XIV 1590-91 Innocent IX 1591 Clement VIII 1592-1605 Leo XI 1605 Paul V 1605-21 Gregory XV 1621-23 Urban VIII 1623-44 Innocent X 1644-55 Alexander VII 1655-67 Clement IX 1667-69 Clement X 1670-76 Innocent XI 1676-89 Alexander VIII 1689-91 Innocent XII 1691-1700 Clement XI 1700-21 Innocent XIII 1721-24 Benedict XIII 1724-30 Clement XII 1730-40 Benedict XIV 1740-58 Clement XIII 1758-69 Clement XIV 1769-74 Pius VI 1775-99 Pius VII 1800-23 Leo XII 1823-29 Pius VIII 1829-30 Gregory XVI 1831-46 Pius IX 1846-78 Leo XIII 1878-1903 Pius X 1903-14 Benedict XV 1914-22 Pius XI 1922-39 Pius XII 1939-58 John XXIII 1958-63 Paul VI 1963-78 John Paul I 1978 John Paul II 1978- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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